Improvement in looms



.Ff/271857 @17a/Q MPETERS, PHON-UTNOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON, D C.

A dilated states @anni demise.

Bonnin?4 warrant-LL, 'or New YORK, Y., AssIeNOn'TO THE POSITIVE- MorloaT LOOM courant, or SAME PLAGE.

Letters Patent No.l 110,524, dated December 27, 1870.

"iM'PRovEMEN-r 1N Looms.

To all whom't't may concern:

Be -it known that I, Ronnn'r WHITEHILL, of the. city, county, and StateotNeW'York,-,have invented.

a new and useful Improvement in Power-Loomsaand I do hereby declare `that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the sarne, reference being had to the accompanying drawingr forming part ot' this specification,- in whichj i Figure l is a front elevation of a power-loom, having the breast-beam' and front .portion of the frame removed to show some. of the working parts.

Figure 2 is alight-hand end view of the saine;

Figure 3 is a vertical section ot' the same, at right angles to tig. l, in thepla-ne indicated by the line a: :v in the latter. ligurc,'and showing the parts .on the right Ot' that plane.

Figure 4 is affront view of' a part of the shuttleoperatiug mechanism, ou a larger scale than the other figures.

parts in the several 'figur-es. t This invention relates in part to inea-ns of driving the lay, theharness, and theA shuttle of a loom", with alterixately-accelerated and retarded velocities, the velocity of each being retarded at the proper stages ot' the operation oi' the loom to obtain tiine'for the working ot' other parts of the loom, and being accelerated during those stages in the operation in which acceleration is desirable orpermissible.`

The invention also relates in part to what is known as a positive shuttle-motion, and Vconsists in novel, means of imparting motion to the shuttle-carrier from an endless band.

To enable 'others skilled. in the art to make'and use my invention, I will proceed to describe it with reference to the drawing. l i A A are thefordinary.side frames of the'loom, and

A is an additional side frame provided on the right sidefor the support of some of the driving gearing, as will he presently described.

' B is the lay, arranged to swing in theus'nal manner. Its rightfhand pivot a is extended across the space between -the additional side iframe A andthe adjacent side fra me A, and is extended through theexterior of the said frame Aibrthereception of gearsgvhich will be presently described. Y

C Gare the heddlc-tiame's, hung in the usual manner, and connected below with treadles D D,arrang'ed in the manner common to `inost looms. E is the ciank-slmt't,.a1nl F ist-lie vharness canishalt, both arranged in hearil'lgs in the side frames A A inthe usual way, but not directly geared together. r

Figure 5.is a transverse section corresponding with Similarletters'of reference indicate corresponding The cranks n bf the shaft E are connected with the lay by connecting-rods b, as .in other power-looms.

The cams c c ou the shaft F, for operating on the treadles D D, are or may be of ordinary form.

G is the driving-shaft, which is nearly long enough to be supportedand to work in bearings in the back parts of the outer side frame A' and'ofadjacent side frame A.

This shaft carries a small spur-gear, H, which gears with a larger one, I, turning loosely on a fixed stud, d, which is firmly secured in Ythe lower part ot' the side traine A. f j

' The` gear I- gears with agear, J ofthe same size, turning loosely on atixed stud, e, which is rrnly secured in the outer side frame A a short distance in rear. oi' the line of the axis of the crank-shaft. The Y gear H on the driving-shaft produces the motion'ofA the gears I and J in opposite directions but at corresponding velocities.

The gear J contains a radial slot, f, which receives the wrist g of a crank, 7L, which is fast upon the end of the crankshaft E, and the direction of'wh-ich is coincident with that of the Ordinary cranks n which connect with the lay. Y

'lhe gear I contains a radial slot, t, which-receives a crank-pin, j, secured in a spur-gear, K, which turns loosely on a iixed stud, It, which is secured firmly in the right-hand Side frame A, a little forward of the line of the aXis ot' the stud d.

The gear K carries a small spur-gear, L, which.

gears'with a spur-gear, M, having twice the number of teeth, on the can1-shaft F.

The gea'r J drives the crank-shaft through the agency o'f the slot f and crank-pi g, above described. Inthe lrevolution ofthe said'ci'ank-'pin and crank shaft, owing to the eecentricity of the axis of' thegear J andcrank-sha-t, the said' erank-piuworking inthe said slot, approaches the center ofthe wheel J during 'one-halt of each revolution, and recedes from it during the other half; andthe 'consequence is, that as the lay isthrowaforward bythe cranks,its velocity' is gradually accelerated, and as it is thrown back its velocity is gradually retarded, and its movement both back and forth, while it'is near its most backward position, is so' slow that ample .time -is afforded -for the passage ofthe shuttle through'tlie warp, which takes place wliilethe lay is thrown'back. Y

AThe gear I Adrives'thergea-r K by means of. theslot t' and crank-pin j, and the gear,A L, which is carried by K, drives the gear. M on the .cam-shaft, andso inlparts'-rotary motion tothe saidshalit, such rotary motion beingalterna't'ely accelerated 'during one-half and'retarded during the-other haltet-each revolution of the gears I and K bylthepin j, working,r in the slot `to the crank-wrist t/and slot fin the gear J, which drives the crank-shaft, that the acceleration of the velocity of the cam-shaft commences just after the lay has commenced moving back, and while the veiocity of the latter is being retarded, and that the -v retardation of the velocity of the` cam-shaft com- 1 inenc'es just after the lay has coinmenced moving forward; and the cams c c are so arranged with respect to the crank-pin j and slot t, that the velocity ofA the cam-shaft is at the minimum at the time the harness is crossing the shed of the Vwarpha'nd that the shed opens gradually arid with an increasing velocity.

The above-described system of gearing for driving the crank-shaft, and through itv the lay, and for driving the cam-shaft also with alternately accelerated and -retarded velocities, is applicable to all kinds of power-looms, whether the shuttle is actuated by pickers or by a carrier, with what is termed a positive motion.

When pickers are used for driving the shuttle, and the picker-stares are driven 'by the crankshaft, a propcrlytimcd accelerated and retardedV velocity lof the picker mot-ion is obtained by the same eccentric slot and pin-connection f g which is applied to the crank-shalt for driving the lay; and a similarly-accelerated and retarded mot-ion of the shuttle-carrier, properly timed, may also be obtained through an cccentric yslot and pin-connection, similar to fg or 'i j,

in a loom with a positive shuttle-motion, as will be presently described.

N is an endless band arranged parallel with the lay-sole upon two pulleys n n', carried by brackets w w, attached to the front of the lay near the end thereof' for the-purpose of driving the shuttle with a positive motion.

The pulley n', nearfthe right hand of the lay, has attached to it a bevel-gear, o, which gears with a bevel-gear, 17, fast onta shaft, P, the upper end of which wor-ks in a bearing under and attached to the sole of the lay, and the lower end of which works in a box, S, secured firmly on the end ofthe pivot a ofthe lay. This shaft rocks with the lay.

On its lower part there is secured a-bevel-gear, q, which gears with, a bevel-gear, @which is fast on a sleeve, Q, which turns loosely on the pivot a of the 12o To this sleeve there is attached a spur-gear, s, which 4gears with the gear K, before described, as employed for driving the cani-shaft. A

' This gear K4 gives rotary motion to the gear s and to the bevel-gear rr, attached to the same sleeve, Q, and, by means of the latter gear gives rotary motion to the shaft?, and thus, `by means of the bevel-gears 1) and o, gives' motion to the right-hand pulley n', and

Y s o gives constantmotion to the endless band N.

The several gears-above described are so propor tioned that the endless band makes aconiplete circuit round the two pulleysn A: 1/during two revolutions of the gear K, and, consequently, during two revolutions of the crank-shaft and two beats of the lay; and hence the motion of the said band is, owing to the action of the slot t and crank-pin j, twice accelerated and twice v retarded during each circuit.

T is a shuttle-carrier, arranged to work` in a suitable way or track upon the lay for the purpose of giving motion to the shuttle.' This carrier may be` lilie'that used in. other looms having a positive shuttle-motion,

or of other construction suitable for carrying they 'shuttle'through the warp without itself passing th rough. This shuttle-carrier is attached to' the endless band N by means of the driver, the construction of which will be best understood by reference .to figs. 4 and 5, where it is represented on a larger scalo.

This driver consists of two plates, and u, pivoted together by a pivot, c.

The plate tis rigidly vcoilnected with the shuttlecarrier T, and projects over the front of thc la`yvhc tween it and the endless band N.

The plate 11, which is situated in front of t, is hook, shaped in its transverse section, as shown in tig. in order to enable it to pass the flanges ofthe pulleys a' n', and is arched, as shown in iig. 4, to conform to the peripheries of the said pulleys. lt is connected seeurely with the band by rivets or by any suitable clasp. The pivot c, connecting the plates t and u, is situated opposite the center ofthe opening of the band or in a plane passing directly through the axis ofthe two pulleys a n.

The plate u moves round the pulleys and from one to the other with the band, and whether `the part oi the band to which it is attached is almveior below thc pulleys, it carries the plate tand shuttle-carrier along with Vit across the looxn, the movement being in one direction while the said plate t-is above the pulleys, as `shown in dotted outline in tig. 4, and in the other direction while it is' below the said pulleys, as shown in' full outline inthe same figure, and hence every complete circuit o f the band carries the shuttle back and forth across the loom.

The movement of the carrier is entirely suspended at each end of its ,traverse of the lay while the plate t is passing around either pulley, the. pivot 'u being at that time opposite the axis of one ofthe pulleys uat'i The pulleys n' n' should have their -periphcries so constructed, or such other provision should be made, as to prevent the band N from slipping, as it is obvious that the carrier tu must occupy a proper'relation to the driving-gearing to,insure apropcrly-tin1ed action of the shuttle, and to make certain that the acceleration and retardation, before spoken of,',ot'th`e movement ofthe band should take'placeat the proper stages ot its action.

The platet should pass the' pulleys at the time thc band is moving at the slowest velocity, and when the lay isin its most' forward position; andthe carrier shouldbe moving at its highest velocity. when it is opposite the center of the loom and carrying the sluit-v tle through the center ofthe Warp, at which time the t The shuttle will then commenceV it-s motion slowly andV have'its velocity gradnally'increased to the maximum as itapproaches the` center of the warp, and then diminished toward Itheen'd of'A lay is thrown back.

its movement. This gradually accelerated and re tarded movement of the hand Ienables the shuttle to be started and stopped easily, and yet to pass with great velocit-y and in a short time thrngha broad warp, and this with the total suspension of,the motion of the carrier, which lakes placerwhile the plate tis,A

passing the pulleys, obviate the necessity of-malcing thelay so much longer than the width of the warp as would otherwise be necessary.

This shnttle-operating mechanism may hclsimplied by so arranging the shaft l and providing a pulley upon its upper., end and a correspoinling pulley at the Aother end of the lay, that the band N may, run upon the said pulleys. This will dispense with the bevelgears o 1J. The planes of motion of the band will then be horizontal instead of vertical. l

Instead of having the plates t u of the shuttle-carrier `permanently pivoted together, they -may be connected by a pin in one entering an open-ended slot in the other. detacln'nent f the shuttlecarrier, and for the use of two or more carriers and shuttles, enabling a shuttle and its carrier to be left at either end of the lomu.

What l. claiin asiny invention, and desire to secure by Letters. Patent, isg l. The'gears I K, having the slot and pin-connec- This will provide for the instantaneous tion, and arranged on different axesin combination, substantially as described, with the shuttle and treadleoperating mechanism.

2. he combination, with the crank-'shaft 'for ope-rating the lay, of the slotted gear J arranged in relavtion to said shaft, and engaging the piu y, as andlfor to anthoseillates with thelay, and which gears with a Sleeve, Q, on one of' the pivots a, on which -the lay swings, substantially as herein speeiiied.

5. The shuttle-driver, consisting of a plate or piece, 1,"attached to the shuttle-carrier, a plate-nr piece, n, attached to the endless band carried by the lay, and a connecting-pin or pivot, r, the whole combined and arranged to operate substantially asherein specified.

6. The combination of the gearing for operating the shuttle-driving band with Ille, mechanism for driving the other parts of the loom by means of a slot and pin-connection, substantially as described, whereby the said band is made to move with an alternately-accelerated and retarded velocity, as and for the purpose herein speeiiied.

ROBERT "HITEHILL.

\Vitnesses:

FRED. HAYNES, HENRY PALMER. 

